Today I'd like to address a crucial aspect of global trade: how to successfully export goods to Brazil via ocean freight. Everyone here—whether business owners or operational managers—understands the complexities of international logistics and the challenges of ensuring safe, timely delivery. In this process, the correct completion and use of the bill of lading (B/L) proves particularly vital.
1. Freight Charges on the Bill of Lading
As you know, the bill of lading serves not only as a contract of carriage but also as a document of title. The freight charges must be clearly stated—for example, "ocean freight 380 USD." These figures don't necessarily need to match the actual payment exactly, but they must remain reasonable. Excessively low amounts might raise customs suspicions, potentially causing clearance delays or even legal penalties. Therefore, thorough communication with your consignee to confirm shipping costs before B/L issuance is essential.
2. Brazil's NCM Code Requirements
Another critical detail is Brazil's NCM code (Nomenclatura Comum do Mercosul), a commodity classification system similar to the HS Code. The B/L must display the product's NCM code—typically the first four or six digits suffice. However, this code should always be provided or verified by your Brazilian client. This step ensures smooth customs processing and prevents unnecessary complications.
3. Consignee Identification: The CNPJ Number
The B/L must clearly show the consignee's and notify party's CNPJ number (Cadastro Nacional da Pessoa Jurídica)—Brazil's equivalent of a corporate tax ID. This legal identifier confirms the recipient's legitimacy for commercial and customs procedures. If a client cannot provide this number or if their company's registration cannot be verified, reconsider the partnership. For new business relationships especially, conduct proper due diligence to confirm your counterpart's credibility.
4. Brazil's Strict B/L Acceptance Policy
Brazil mandates original bills of lading for import clearance—telex releases or sea waybills are not accepted. This requirement carries significant implications for freight forwarders. Imagine discovering at the last moment that your cargo cannot clear customs—the financial and reputational damage could be substantial. Understanding and adhering to these specifications is non-negotiable.
The Importance of Proactive Communication
Successful international shipping relies on continuous coordination among all stakeholders—shipping lines, freight forwarders, and destination clients. Effective communication extends beyond costs and codes to include team alignment and customs relations. Collaborative problem-solving with relevant authorities helps navigate complex situations and prevent unnecessary delays.
Ladies and gentlemen, the intricacies of maritime documentation demand not just technical expertise but also deep understanding of international trade dynamics. As globalization accelerates and cross-border commerce grows, customs regulations will continue evolving. Beyond complying with current requirements, we must monitor policy changes to protect our shipping investments. For emerging markets like Brazil, maintaining trade environment awareness will remain strategically important.
In conclusion, every detail matters in export operations—as the saying goes, "the devil is in the details." From freight declarations to NCM codes and CNPJ verification, these seemingly minor elements form the foundation of reliable international logistics.
