In the international air freight supply chain, packaging serves as both the first line of defense for protecting cargo integrity and a critical element in ensuring transportation safety. But what kind of packaging meets international air freight standards? Below are the key requirements for compliant packaging.
General Packaging Requirements
Durability: Packaging materials must possess sufficient strength to withstand pressure, impacts, and vibrations during transit, preventing leakage or spillage. For fragile items and precision instruments, high-quality cardboard boxes, wooden crates, or metal containers are recommended, supplemented with additional cushioning materials when necessary.
Sealing: Packaging must be securely sealed to prevent leaks and protect against environmental factors. For liquid or powdered goods, containers with superior sealing properties should be used, along with additional leak-proof measures such as gaskets or reinforced tape.
Clear Labeling: Packages must display legible and securely affixed labels indicating the cargo's name, nature, weight, shipper and consignee details, and destination. Labels should remain intact and readable throughout the shipping process.
Special Cargo Packaging Requirements
International air freight imposes additional packaging rules for specific cargo types:
- Fragile Items: Beyond sturdy external packaging, internal cushioning materials like foam, bubble wrap, or sponge must be used to absorb shocks. Packages should be clearly marked with warnings such as "Fragile" or "Handle with Care."
- Liquid Goods: Liquids require tightly sealed containers, typically limited to 1-liter volumes. Larger quantities demand specialized bulk packaging with secure fastening to prevent movement and leaks.
- Perishable Goods: Items like seafood or flowers need specialized packaging that maintains humidity and ventilation while resisting compression damage. Ice packs or preservatives may be necessary.
- Hazardous Materials: Strict compliance with the International Air Transport Association's Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR) is mandatory. Packaging must be leak-proof, pressure-resistant, and corrosion-resistant, with explicit hazard class labels and handling instructions.
Size and Weight Restrictions
International air freight enforces specific dimensional and weight limits:
- Size Limits: Most airlines restrict packages to a maximum combined length, width, and height (e.g., 300 cm × 150 cm × 150 cm). Oversized cargo may require special arrangements.
- Weight Limits: Single packages typically cannot exceed 20–50 kg. Heavier items may need splitting into multiple shipments or incurring surcharges. Exceptions, like industrial machinery, are evaluated case-by-case.
Adhering to these packaging standards is vital for safeguarding cargo, ensuring smooth logistics, and minimizing risks. Meticulous attention to packaging details provides a robust foundation for secure and efficient international air freight operations.