Comprehensive Analysis of Sea, Land, and Air Transport Advantages and Disadvantages
This article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of three transportation modes: sea, land, and air. Sea freight is cost-effective and suitable for bulk goods, but it is slow and affected by natural conditions. Road transport offers flexibility but has higher unit costs. Rail transport is fast and has a high capacity, yet its fixed routes and heavy investment limit flexibility. Air freight is quick and highly secure, but it comes with a high price.