As your plane descends over the turquoise waters of the Pacific Ocean, with lush tropical vegetation stretching to meet the shoreline, you're about to land on an island that blends diverse cultures, historical landmarks, and duty-free shopping paradise. Your first stop: Guam's Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport, the island's aerial gateway and a crucial aviation hub connecting East and West.
Gateway to the Pacific
Officially named Guam Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport (IATA: GUM), this vital transportation hub is located approximately 6 kilometers east of Hagåtña, the capital of Guam—a U.S. unincorporated territory in the western Pacific. Operated by the Guam International Airport Authority, the facility serves as a critical aviation link for Guam and surrounding regions. It currently functions as a base for United Airlines and Asia Pacific Airlines.
The airport's namesake honors Antonio Borja Won Pat, Guam's first delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives. Its origins trace back to a military airfield established during World War II, reflecting Guam's strategic position in Pacific geopolitics.
Historical Evolution
The airport's history began in 1943 when Japanese forces constructed it as "Guamu Dai Ni" for military operations. Following the U.S. recapture of Guam in 1944, it was renamed Agana Airfield. Civilian operations commenced in 1962, marking the beginning of its transformation into a commercial aviation facility.
Infrastructure and Operations
Situated 91 meters (298 feet) above sea level, the airport features two parallel runways (both 3,053 meters long and 46 meters wide) capable of handling large aircraft. The complex includes two passenger terminals and cargo facilities.
The original terminal opened in March 1967, spanning 20,000 square meters with a $43 million investment. A new terminal debuted in 1982, undergoing significant expansions totaling $741 million. The 1996 first-phase expansion added 51,000 square meters, including enhanced customs facilities, immigration halls, and a 710-space parking structure. A second expansion phase concluded in August 1998.
Global Connectivity
As Guam's sole commercial airport, it serves international routes across Southeast Asia, Northeast Asia, and Micronesia. Major carriers operating here include:
- Air Busan
- China Airlines
- Delta Air Lines
- EVA Air
- Japan Airlines
- Jeju Air
- Jin Air
- Korean Air
- Philippine Airlines
- United Airlines
Aviation Training Hub
In October 2013, Japan Airlines established a pilot training center at the airport, offering Boeing 737 and 767 simulator programs. This facility enhances Guam's role in regional aviation training.
Economic and Tourism Significance
Located at the southernmost point of the Mariana Islands, Guam's tropical climate and cultural attractions—including the Pacific War Museum, Two Lovers' Point, Latte Stone Park, Chamorro Village, and Tumon Bay—make it a premier tourist destination. Designated a non-self-governing territory by the UN, Guam serves as the gateway to Micronesia and thrives as a duty-free shopping destination. The airport plays a pivotal role in sustaining tourism, the island's economic backbone.
Future Development
With global aviation growth and increasing tourism, Guam International Airport continues upgrading infrastructure and expanding routes to maintain its position as a vital Western Pacific hub. Future developments aim to accommodate rising passenger demand while enhancing service quality.