Selecting the right Unit Load Device (ULD) for air cargo transportation can significantly impact operational efficiency and cargo safety. This comprehensive guide provides detailed information about China Southern Airlines' various pallet and container options, helping shippers make informed decisions for their freight needs.
I. Pallets
Pallets are flat loading platforms typically used with nets to secure cargo. China Southern Airlines offers several pallet types with distinct specifications:
| IATA Code | ATA Type | Dimensions (cm) | Height (cm) | Net Weight (kg) | Max Payload (kg) | Compatible Aircraft | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PAG (P1P) | - | 223.5 × 317.5 | - | 115 | 6,032 | Universal | Net not included |
| PMC (P6P) | - | 243.8 × 317.5 | - | 100-137 | 6,803 | Universal | Net not included |
| PLA (FLA/PLB) | - | 153.4 × 317.5 | - | 68-81 | 3,175 | Universal (B767 excluded) | Net not included |
| PGA (P7E) | - | 243.8 × 605.8 | - | 533 | 11,339 | B747COMBI | Net not included |
| PKC | - | 153.4 × 156.2 | - | 65 | 1,588 | A320 | Net not included |
| FQA | - | 153.4 × 243.8 | - | 100 | 2,449 | B767 | Includes net |
Key Considerations for Pallet Selection:
- Dimensional Compatibility: Ensure cargo fits securely on the pallet with proper weight distribution.
- Aircraft Restrictions: Note specific aircraft limitations (e.g., PLA pallets prohibited on B767).
- Net Requirements: Determine if additional securing nets are needed based on cargo characteristics.
- Weight Limits: Never exceed maximum payload capacities for flight safety.
II. Containers
Containers provide enclosed protection for sensitive cargo. China Southern offers various container types with specialized features:
| IATA Code | ATA Type | Dimensions (cm) | Volume (m³) | Max Payload (kg) | Special Features | Compatible Aircraft |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AKE (AVA) | LD-3 | 153.4 × 156.2 × 162.6 | 4.13 | 1,587 | Standard | Universal |
| RKN | LD-3 | 153.4 × 156.2 × 162.6 | 3.6 | 1,588 | Refrigerated (with forklift pockets) | Universal |
| DPE | LD-2 | 119.8 × 153.4 × 162.6 | 3.4 | 1,250 | - | B767 |
| ALF | LD-8 | 317.5 × 153.4 × 162.6 | 9 | 3,175 | - | Universal (B767 excluded) |
| RAK | LD-7 | 317.5 × 162.6 | 5 | 6,033 | Refrigerated | Universal |
| AMA | M11 | 243.8 × 317.5 × 243.8 | 17 | 6,800 | Metal door | B747QC |
Container Selection Factors:
- Cargo Requirements: Choose refrigerated units for temperature-sensitive goods.
- Space Utilization: Select containers that maximize volume without compromising safety.
- Equipment Compatibility: Verify container suitability for specific aircraft models.
- Special Features: Consider specialized containers for unique cargo needs.
III. Comprehensive ULD Selection Strategy
Effective ULD implementation requires evaluating multiple operational factors:
1. Cargo Characteristics
Assess dimensions, weight distribution, fragility, and any special handling requirements. Irregularly shaped items may require custom securing solutions.
2. Transportation Parameters
Long-haul flights demand more robust securing methods. Consider environmental factors like temperature fluctuations during transit.
3. Operational Efficiency
Balance equipment costs with loading/unloading times. Standardized ULDs can streamline ground operations across multiple destinations.
IV. ULD Handling Best Practices
Pre-Transportation Checklist:
- Inspect ULDs for structural integrity before loading
- Distribute weight evenly according to aircraft balance requirements
- Use appropriate restraints (nets, straps, braces) for each cargo type
- Verify all identification labels are legible and accurate
- Follow all airline-specific loading procedures and restrictions
Proper ULD selection and handling significantly enhance cargo safety while optimizing aircraft utilization. By understanding China Southern Airlines' equipment specifications and operational requirements, shippers can ensure efficient, cost-effective air freight transportation.