Navigating the complex world of container shipping can be challenging, especially when encountering specialized industry terms. This comprehensive guide explains key concepts to help streamline your shipping operations and avoid unnecessary costs.
1. Container Status: From Empty to Loaded
Understanding container status changes is fundamental. When an empty container moves from the yard to a factory for loading, it transitions from "empty" to "loaded" status. If drivers temporarily store loaded containers at external yards instead of directly delivering them to ports, this creates what's known as "drop-off" or "grounding," which typically incurs additional fees.
2. Container Seals: The Cargo's Security ID
Each container is secured with a uniquely numbered seal that serves as its identification. This alphanumeric seal number enables tracking and verification throughout the shipping process.
3. Loading Configurations: Single vs. Dual Operations
While standard container trucks typically transport one large container (40' or 20'), some operations involve moving two smaller containers simultaneously—a practice called "dual operation" or "twin loading."
4. Rush Shipments: Special Considerations at Yangshan Port
At Shanghai's Yangshan Port, containers must clear customs before entering the port area. If drivers enter through the A1 gate without verifying customs clearance status in systems like "Tongguanbao," the system flags these as "rush shipments," which often trigger customs inspections and delays.
5. Low Sulfur Surcharge (LSS) Payment Terms
The LSS payment responsibility—whether prepaid or collect—must be clearly established in shipping agreements. While traditionally paid by receivers, some shippers now assume this cost.
6. Discharge Operations: Receiver Responsibilities
Following international trade conventions, destination port unloading is typically arranged by consignees, just as shippers organize loading at origin.
7. Weight Restrictions: Safety Compliance
Major Chinese ports including Ningbo and Shanghai enforce a maximum gross weight limit of 30,480 kg (including container tare weight). For standard 40' containers with approximately 4-ton tare weights, this translates to about 25-ton cargo limits.
8. Sea Waybills (SWB): Simplified Cargo Transfers
Functioning similarly to telex releases, SWBs automatically transfer cargo ownership to consignees upon issuance. Some carriers offer this service without additional charges.
9. Telex Release Options
Shipping lines generally offer two telex release types—immediate and notification-based—usually for a fee, though North American routes often provide this service complimentary.
10. Medical Exports: Current Regulations
While most medical mask exports currently don't require commodity inspections, shippers should verify specific requirements with customs brokers to ensure smooth clearance.